We chose to stay in Gradisca d'Isonzo, a medium sized town that feels more German than Italian (so neat, clean and fully caucasian). It's a wine town, not a tourist town. Lunch is from 12-1:30, dinner starts around 7. We were using it as a base for touring in many directions. It's less than an hour to multiple attractions in both Italy & Slovenia.
We programmed our Garmin to avoid the highways in getting from Venice to Gradisca. At one point we found ourselves driving through the fortifications of Palmanova, a city that appears to be laid out like a spider web. It's very cool to see on a map.
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| Entrance to Palmanova |
It was a holiday week, with Wednesday being Assumption Day. Other than making it harder to do touristy things, the holiday didn't seem very significant to the locals. Tuesday was market day (we love the way vans arrive and unfold into "showrooms").
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| Market stall; note the vehicle under the canopy. At the end of day, everything folds up and then on to the next market |
On Wednesday we had planned to go to Aquileia & Grado. Aquileia, a Roman port city founded around 200BC, has some interesting ruins and a Basilica with colorful Byzantine mosaics in the apse and a floor full of other fine mosaics (covered with a glass walkway to aid viewing). The city was attacked by the Visigoths in 401 AD and then by the Huns in 450 AD. It recovered and was then destroyed by the Lombards in the late 500's… Many residents fled and founded nearby Grado & Venice. We had hoped to see Grado but it is a beach resort and was overrun by vacationing Italians taking advantage of their mid-week holiday. Well actually we don't know, all we know is there was no available parking within miles… We enjoyed exploring Aquileia though.
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| Aquileia Bascilica |
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| Closeup of the floor mosiacs |
Another day we drove to nearby Slovenian attractions, Škocjan Caves and the Lipica Stud Farm.
Škocjan Caves is a World Heritage Site and has one of the largest known underground canyons in the world and it has been inhabited since the prehistoric times. It has around 100,000 visitors per year. Tours go out hourly and a vaguely split by language. They formed our group of maybe 150 visitors into one Slavic tour and two English tours. It was quite impressive, with the suspended Cerkvenik Bridge crossing about 50 m above the river…not great if you are nervous about height but we managed. However, photos are absolutely not allowed. And this was strictly enforced. Given the challenge of getting a decent photo in a cave, it makes sense. They would never get those hundreds of visitors through the cave if they all had to get even a few GOOD photos!
We had some idea what to expect at the Lipica Stud Farm, but didn't realize that this is the true home of the Lipizzaner Stallions. (Actually the name of the town is Lipizza in Italian). That was one of those "Duh" moments. If you are familiar with the Spanish Riding School in Vienna, they feature performing Lipizzaner Stallions. The stud farm was founded in the 16C by the Austrian Emperor to assure a good source of strong war horses. We learned:
Škocjan Caves is a World Heritage Site and has one of the largest known underground canyons in the world and it has been inhabited since the prehistoric times. It has around 100,000 visitors per year. Tours go out hourly and a vaguely split by language. They formed our group of maybe 150 visitors into one Slavic tour and two English tours. It was quite impressive, with the suspended Cerkvenik Bridge crossing about 50 m above the river…not great if you are nervous about height but we managed. However, photos are absolutely not allowed. And this was strictly enforced. Given the challenge of getting a decent photo in a cave, it makes sense. They would never get those hundreds of visitors through the cave if they all had to get even a few GOOD photos!
We had some idea what to expect at the Lipica Stud Farm, but didn't realize that this is the true home of the Lipizzaner Stallions. (Actually the name of the town is Lipizza in Italian). That was one of those "Duh" moments. If you are familiar with the Spanish Riding School in Vienna, they feature performing Lipizzaner Stallions. The stud farm was founded in the 16C by the Austrian Emperor to assure a good source of strong war horses. We learned:
- the adult Lipizzaner is characteristically white, but the foals are brown, reddish or grey; they turn white only after six to ten years.
- only the stallions that succeed through rigorous training and can successfully manage key "steps" , the levada, the kapriola and the kurbeta...see photos below) are allowed to actually perform or serve as studs. The others are available for sale, starting at around 6000€ (if I remember correctly). If not sold they get to simply enjoy life on the farm.
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| The Lipizzaner Show |
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| Lunch time...note the dark color of the colts |
One day we drove up through Slovenia for the impressive views over the foothills of the Alps and then back around through Cividale del Friuli (a charming town and center of wine industry.) We enjoyed lunch (mushroom risotto for Pat & lasagna for Bill) and then tried to get lost in the wine country of the Colli region. We did succeed in going around in circles but Garmin was there when needed to get us reoriented. I had hoped to get "accidentally" cross over to the Slovenian side (the Brda wine region) but as previously noted, roads that actually cross the border are rare.
For a small area the FVG has a lot of cultural differences reflecting it's time as part of the Venetian Empire and its time as part of the Austro Hungarian Empire. Let alone the fact that like so much of Italy, each city tends to consider itself very culturally different from its neighbors.
We were along the Slovenian/Italian border for more than a week. Interesting territory. So easy to travel across the border (no border control). So much shared history. Yet so little inter-mixing. But why should we be surprised? After all, that is the story throughout Italy.
On our final day in the area we drove to Trieste. The landmark Miramare Castle was built by the Austrian royal, Maximilian. Apparently he enjoyed it off and on for a few years before going to Mexico to become "Emperor". That reign was short-lived, ending when he was executed in Queretaro in 1867. He clearly made the wrong decision. A life of leisure in a lovely castle or …
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| Miramare Castle |
Trieste is a very patrician looking city and it can be amazingly windy. The winds were definitely performing while we were there...they were gusty and strong. There were times when we could barely move forward. At other times we feared our glasses would blow off our faces.
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| Bill trying to walk into the wind in Trieste |
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| Byzantine Mosaics in Apse of Basilica di San Giusto (Trieste) |
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| View of Trieste from one of the Piers |
We visited the castle, wandered around town and had yet another great lunch, this time at Trattoria Nero di Seppia. The fresh anchovies were delicately fried and, were so tiny the bones were totally inconspicuous. Bill enjoyed his tuna steak with pesto & wasabi. We topped this off with a fabulous chocolate dessert (combining the best of chocolate mousse with the best of chocolate decadence) along with Illy expresso (Trieste is the home of Illy.)
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| Illy Coffee from the home of Illy (Trieste) |
The interesting thing for us is the huge range of grape varietals in the area, including many that you are unlikely to find elsewhere. The region is dominated by white wine production, making roughy five times more white than red wine.
The white wine grapes include Chardonnay, Malvasia Istriana, Müller-Thurgau, Picolit, Pinot bianco, Pinot grigio, Riesling, Ribolla Gialla, Sauvignon blanc, Traminer, Verduzzo, Vitovska, Welschriesling and Tocai Friulano (now called Friulano so Hungary can "protect" it name Tokaji. We're hearing lots about how the European Community requires dropping treasured customs...).
The red wines are frequently blends of Merlot, Cabernet Franc and Cabernet Sauvignon. But there are also red wines made from the local Pignolo, Pinot Nero, Refosco, Refosco dal Peduncolo Rosso, Schioppettino and Tazzelenghe.
Now you ask, did we try them all? It's hard to say for sure, but we certainly tried. ;-) The local Enoteca helped us in this regard.
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| Wine List at Serrinisima Enoteca |
If we were doing this again, we would split it into two stays, one centered in Cividale & one in Trieste. Both cities are small and cute and they each have a selection of good shopping and restaurants. Great places to hang out for a few days.
Oh speaking of shopping, Pat even found an outlet mall for rainy day entertainment. Oddly enough it was in Palmanova, the fortified city with the spider web layout. (The mall was outside the old town.) Also nearby is an Ikea Home Store. In the middle of nothing...just handy to lots. Anyway, it is becoming the anchor store for a HUGE new shopping mall opening in November.
